Bad breath in children (also called halitosis) is a common concern for many parents. While it’s normal for your child to occasionally have bad breath, persistent or strong odors can sometimes point to underlying issues. Understanding the causes of bad breath in your child is the first step toward finding a solution and supporting their oral health. From poor dental hygiene and dietary choices to mouth breathing and medical conditions, it is important to be able to recognize what may be behind your child’s bad breath and when it may be time to seek advice from a pediatric dentist or healthcare provider.
Common Causes of Bad Breath in Children
Inadequate Brushing and Flossing
One of the most common causes of bad breath in children is inadequate brushing and flossing. When food particles and plaque are not properly removed, bacteria multiply and produce odors. Children who don’t brush and floss regularly—or thoroughly—are especially prone to this. For more on the importance of oral hygiene, see the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry’s FAQ.
Infections and Diseases
Several different illnesses can also cause halitosis. When the sinuses are infected, bad breath cannot be cured with just brushing alone. Inflamed tonsils can also emit a sour smell from infection. Lastly, other conditions like diabetes, stomach infections, and even oral cancer can cause bad breath in infants and young children.
Tonsil Stones and Large Tonsils
Children with large tonsils or deep pits in their tonsils may develop tonsil stones. These small, calcified deposits trap bacteria and food particles, causing persistent bad breath even with good oral hygiene.
Gum Disease and Dental Issues
Gum inflammation (gingivitis) and dental problems like cavities, abscesses, or loose fillings create spaces where bacteria can accumulate and cause persistent bad breath.
Mouth Breathing
Children who habitually breathe through their mouths, often due to nasal congestion or allergies, can develop dry mouth and subsequent bad breath.
Dry Mouth
Saliva helps wash away bacteria and food debris. If your child is dehydrated, breathes through their mouth, or takes certain medications, they may develop dry mouth, which allows odor-causing bacteria to thrive.
Foreign Objects
If you still are unsure why your child’s breath is bad, check their nose. When items get lodged in your child’s nose, it can create an infection with an unpleasant smell. If you suspect your child has something lodged in their nose, the Mayo Clinic suggests some steps to take.
How to Treat Bad Breath in Children:
Build Healthy Brushing and Flossing Habits
Encourage your child to brush their teeth twice a day for two full minutes and to floss regularly. For little ones under six, a parent’s helping hand makes all the difference. Consistent brushing and flossing remove odor-causing bacteria and keep smiles bright.
Keep Your Child Hydrated
A well-hydrated mouth helps wash away bacteria. Offer water throughout the day and consider a colorful water bottle to make sipping more appealing. Staying hydrated is especially important if your child is active or tends to breathe through their mouth.
Clean Dental Appliances Daily
If your child wears a retainer, mouthguard, or other dental appliance, help them clean it every day. Rinse and gently brush appliances to prevent bacteria buildup and keep breath fresh.
Choose Healthy Snacks
Crunchy snacks like apples and carrots naturally help clean teeth and freshen breath. Encourage your child to choose these options between meals for a healthy, happy smile.
Don’t Skip Regular Dental Visits
Professional cleanings and regular checkups are key to preventing problems and catching small issues early. Our team is here to help your child feel comfortable and confident at every visit.
When to Seek Professional Care
While occasional bad breath is normal for children, persistent or recurring halitosis may be a sign of an underlying issue that requires professional evaluation. With consistent oral hygiene, healthy habits, and routine dental visits, most causes of bad breath can be identified and effectively treated.
If your child continues to experience bad breath despite regular brushing and flossing, we recommend scheduling an evaluation with one of our pediatric dental professionals at Little Smiles.